Assignment: Advocating for The Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation Questions

Community Outreach for Hypertensive Screening Program Interview Responses

Who exactly is your target market?

As previously stated, the community surrounding the college is the program’s target market, which is primarily Hispanic and African American and has a big education gap in terms of high blood pressure. I have high blood pressure, but I haven’t started taking the medication that was prescribed to me the last time because I know it’s impossible to stop once you start. This case exemplifies the community’s widespread lack of knowledge about healthcare, particularly HTN. Statements like these highlight the importance of an outreach effort to address the educational and medical deficiencies associated with HTN.

What role does the nurse have in developing design concepts for this healthcare program?

Reviewing the blood pressures of patients seen in this emergency room and keeping track of the following: whether the patient was aware they had high blood pressure; whether they are taking medication; and, if not, why not. The nursing team made the first contribution to the development of the community outreach program. Auditing patient records for these markers demonstrated that the community in which we live need screening, education, dietary and lifestyle modifications, as well as accessible, high-quality treatment. Despite the fact that the internet contains a lot of information on healthy eating and ingredient substitution, many people are still unwilling to modify classic recipes (Maintain a Healthy Weight, n.d.).

What is your role as a representative of the people who will benefit from this healthcare program?

As a patient advocate and emergency department nurse, I may travel to various venues in the area, such as churches and schools, to explain the protocol for screening for HTN. Along with the screening instructions, patients will receive recommendations for free or low-cost clinics as well as a list of pharmaceuticals that are available at discounted prices at various pharmacies. It is critical for the nurses working in this program to interact with community leaders, school officials, and church pastors in order to secure a screening site and attract members of the neighborhood to attend screenings.

Do you have any influence over design choices?

Yes, there was a fantastic team of nurses who recognized a need in the community, worked together with our emergency room doctors and other nurses, and discussed strategies for addressing the high occurrence of HTN. In addition to finding and analyzing traditional meal recipes, this group of healthcare specialists also looked for and evaluated components that are healthy alternatives. As a result of extensive networking among team members and with pharmacies, medical practices, and clinics, a wealth of resources for patients were gathered, and the community outreach program also received support.

Tell us about a healthcare program, within your practice.

The healthcare problem being addressed by my facility by the nurses is hypertension (HTN) awareness, education, nutrition, medication, and exercise. The community surrounding the facility has a large Hispanic and African American population which are more predisposed to develop HTN due to risk factors like ethnicity, traditional foods within those communities. 

Also Read: Assignment: Regulation for Nursing Practice Staff Development Meeting

ording to various studies and trends of HTN diagnoses, statically African American men and women have a greater disposition to have HTN than Caucasian men and women within the same community. (Lackland, 2014). This community outreach is done twice a month for two to four hours at a time and will be held at various locations within the community (churches, schools, etc.) to screen citizens for HTN and refer them to a free or low-cost clinic for management of HTN

What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program?

The initial annual expenses for providing these examinations to the local population are estimated to be around $55,000 for the first year. This includes flyers with hypertension information as well as a booklet with a log for individuals to monitor their blood pressure at home, keep track of, and present to their primary care provider. Furthermore, the booklet includes recipes that explain how to reduce the amount of sodium consumed while cooking some of one’s favorite dishes, as well as suggestions for healthier alternatives to certain items. This price also includes the initial purchase of marketing supplies, a year’s worth of gas from the facility to the screening location, vehicle insurance on the company truck, the purchase of two sets of manual blood pressure cuffs, two stethoscopes, and the payment for two registered nurses to conduct these screenings. This program aims to reduce the number of hypertensive emergencies, increase patient compliance with HTN medication, and lower the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Similar programs exist in communities across the United States, and according to Ferdinand et al. (2012), these programs have resulted in positive patient outcomes, including a significant decrease in the number of patients with uncontrolled hypertension, positive changes in lifestyle, and a reduction in risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

How else do you impact design?

Design is also impacted by specifying which department or individual is responsible for implementation and program evaluation. The design of the program should also have protocols in place that have been agreed upon by nursing and the medical director in the event one of the community members has a medical emergency.

What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation?

Nurses fill many roles, but the nursing role of the implementation of this HTN screenings program is to actually take vital signs and educate the community about the importance of good blood pressure control to decrease the risk of complications later in their lifetime, such as stroke, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, renal damage requiring dialysis, edema in the lower extremities, diabetes and other comorbidities that often occur was a result of long term, sustained, and untreated high blood pressure.

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How does this role vary between design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples?

During the design phase to this healthcare program, there was a large amount of research conducted on the topic and program collaborators shared ideas and suggestions as to what information was going to be printed on flyers, and in booklets. It was also during the design phase that it was decided there should be two nurses, protocols, and that relationships should be sought between the community leaders and the facility to encourage participation and increase awareness.

Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe are most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why?

Nurses, because nurses can interpret the patient’s blood pressure, provide education about risks of uncontrolled HTN, and educate and encourage patients to make healthy lifestyle changes. Nurses also possess the critical thinking skills needed to identify medical emergencies when running these types of screening clinics, as to where a layperson may not. It was the nurses that were able to compile resources for members of the community, so they have access to affordable quality healthcare and medications. Anyone can go buy an automatic blood pressure cuff from a store, or even us the one in the pharmacy, but many citizens would not know to interpret the plod pressure because the lack the medical background a nurse possesses.

References

Ferdinand, K. C., Patterson, K. P., Taylor, C., Fergus, I. V., Nasser, S. A., & Ferdinand, D. P. (2012). Community-based approaches to prevention and management of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 14(5), 336–343. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00622.x

Lackland D. T. (2014). Racial differences in hypertension: implications for high blood pressure management. The American Journal of The Medical Sciences, 348(2), 135–138. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0000000000000308

Maintain a Healthy Weight. (n.d.). Retrieved July 22, 2019, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/index.htm

Assignment: Advocating for the Nursing Role in Program Design and Implementation
As their names imply, the honeyguide bird and the honey badger both share an affinity for honey. Honeyguide birds specialize in finding beehives but struggle to access the honey within. Honey badgers are well-equipped to raid beehives but cannot always find them. However, these two honey-loving species have learned to collaborate on an effective means to meet their objectives. The honeyguide bird guides honey badgers to newly discovered hives. Once the honey badger has ransacked the hive, the honey guide bird safely enters to enjoy the leftover honey.

When it comes to designing effective programs, nurses and health care workers from various specialties should work together like honeyguide birds or honey badgers. Nurses bring a unique set of skills to the table, making them ideal collaborators with other professionals from a variety of fields. Nursing leadership is essential in ensuring that these partnerships can better plan and deliver highly successful programs that accomplish their objectives.

You will put your leadership skills to the test by arguing in favor of a healthcare program in this Assignment. In addition, you will fight for a role for the nurse in the design and implementation of this program that is as crucial. For this, imagine that you’re preparing for an interview with a professional organization/publication about your opinions on how nurses can best contribute to the design and implementation of innovative healthcare programs.

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To Prepare:

Review the Resources and reflect on your thinking regarding the role of the nurse in the design and implementation of new healthcare programs.
Select a healthcare program within your practice and consider the design and implementation of this program.
Reflect on advocacy efforts and the role of the nurse in relation to healthcare program design and implementation.
The Assignment: (2–3 pages)

In a 2- to 3-page paper, create an interview transcript of your responses to the following interview questions:

Tell us about a healthcare program, within your practice. What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program?
Who is your target population?
What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples?
What is your role as an advocate for your target population for this healthcare program? Do you have input into design decisions? How else do you impact design?
What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation? How does this role vary between design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples?
Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe are most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why?

Learning Resources

Required Readings

Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Chapter 7, “Health Policy and Social Program Evaluation” (pp. 116–124 only)

Glasgow, R. E., Lichtenstein, E., & Marcus, A. C. (2003). Why don’t we see more translation of health promotion research to practice? Rethinking the efficacy-to-effectiveness transition. American Journal of Public Health, 93(8), 1261–1267.

Shiramizu, B., Shambaugh, V., Petrovich, H., Seto, T. B., Ho, T., Mokuau, N., & Hedges, J. R. (2016). Leading by success: Impact of a clinical and translational research infrastructure program to address health inequities. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 4(5), 983–991.

Williams, J. K., & Anderson, C. M. (2018). Omics research ethics considerations. Nursing Outlook, 66(4), 386–393. doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2018.05.003

Document: Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Template (Word document)

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). The Importance of Program Evaluation [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Peter Beilenson: Ethics and advocacy [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Rubric Detail

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Name: NURS_6050_Module04_Week08_Assignment_Rubric

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Excellent Good Fair Poor
Program Design

In a 2- to 3-page paper, create an interview transcript of your responses to the following interview questions.
· Tell us about a healthcare program within your practice. What are the costs and projected outcomes of this program?

· Who is your target population?

· What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples?

· What is the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of this healthcare program? Can you provide examples?

· What is your role as an advocate for your target population for this healthcare program? Do you have input into design decisions? How else do you impact design?
Points Range: 41 (41%) – 45 (45%)
Response provides a clear and complete summary of the healthcare program, including an accurate and detailed description of the costs and projected outcomes of the program.

Response provides a clear and accurate description that fully describes the target population.

Response provides a clear and accurate explanation of the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of the program, including specific examples.

Response provides an accurate and detailed description of the role of the nurse advocate for the target population for the healthcare program selected.

Response provides an accurate and detailed explanation of how the advocate’s role influences design decisions as well as fully explaining impacts to program design.

Points Range: 36 (36%) – 40 (40%)
Response provides a summary of the healthcare program, including a description of the costs and project outcomes of the program.

Response provides an accurate description of the target population.

Response provides an accurate explanation of the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of the program, including some examples.

Response provides an accurate description of the role of the nurse advocate for the target population for the healthcare program selected.

Response provides an accurate explanation of how the advocate’s role influences design decisions and somewhat explains impacts to program design.

Points Range: 31 (31%) – 35 (35%)
Response provides a summary of the healthcare program that is vague or incomplete or does not include costs or projected outcomes of the program.

Description of the target population is vague or inaccurate.

Explanation of the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of the program is vague, inaccurate, or does not include specific examples.

Description of the role of the nurse advocate for the target population for the healthcare program selected is vague or inaccurate.

Explanation of how the advocate’s role influences design decisions and impacts to program design is vague or inaccurate.

Points Range: 0 (0%) – 30 (30%)
Response provides a summary of the healthcare program that is vague and inaccurate, does not include costs or projected outcomes of the program, or is missing.

Description of the target population is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.

Explanation of the role of the nurse in providing input for the design of the program, and specific examples is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.

Description of the role of the nurse advocate for the target population for the healthcare program selected is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.

Explanation of how the advocate’s role influences design decisions and impacts to program design is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.
Program Implementation
· What is the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation? How does this role vary between design and implementation of healthcare programs? Can you provide examples?

· Who are the members of a healthcare team that you believe are most needed to implement a program? Can you explain why you think this?
Points Range: 36 (36%) – 40 (40%)
Response provides a clear, accurate, and complete explanation of the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation.

Response provides an accurate and detailed explanation of how the role of the nurse is different between design and implementation of healthcare programs, including specific examples.

Response provides an accurate and detailed description of the members of a healthcare team needed to implement the program selected.

The response fully integrates at least 2 outside resources and 2-3 course specific resources that fully supports the summary provided.

Points Range: 32 (32%) – 35 (35%)
Response provides an accurate explanation of the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation.

Response provides an accurate explanation of how the role of the nurse is different between design and implementation of healthcare programs, and may include some specific examples.

Response provides and accurate description of the members of a healthcare team needed to implement the program selected.

The response integrates at least 1 outside resource and 2-3 course specific resources that may support the summary provided.

Points Range: 28 (28%) – 31 (31%)
Explanation of the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation is vague, inaccurate, and/or incomplete.

Explanation of how the role of the nurse is different between design and implementation of healthcare programs is vague or inaccurate and/or does not include specific examples.

Description of the members of a healthcare team needed to implement the program selected is inaccurate or incomplete.

The response minimally integrates resources that may support the summary provided.

Points Range: 0 (0%) – 27 (27%)
Explanation of the role of the nurse in healthcare program implementation is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.

Explanation of how the role of the nurse is different between design and implementation of healthcare programs is vague and inaccurate, or is missing.

Description of the members of a healthcare team needed to implement the program selected is vague and inaccurate, incomplete, or is missing.

The response fails to integrate any resources to support the summary provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:

Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction is provided which delineates all required criteria.
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.

A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion is provided which delineates all required criteria.

Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is stated, yet is brief and not descriptive.

Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%- 79% of the time.

Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic.

Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time.

No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion was provided.
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards:

Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors.

Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1-2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3-4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.

Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding.
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct APA format with no errors.

Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1-2) APA format errors.

Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3-4) APA format errors.

Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors.
Total Points: 100
Name: NURS_6050_Module04_Week08_Assignment_Rubric

When politics and medical science intersect, there can be much debate. Sometimes anecdotes or hearsay are misused as evidence to support a particular point. Despite these and other challenges, however, evidence-based approaches are increasingly used to inform health policy decision-making regarding causes of disease, intervention strategies, and issues impacting society. One example is the introduction of childhood vaccinations and the use of evidence-based arguments surrounding their safety.

In this Discussion, you will identify a recently proposed health policy and share your analysis of the evidence in support of this policy.

To Prepare:

• Review the Congress website provided in the Resources and identify one recent (within the past 5 years) proposed health policy.
• Review the health policy you identified and reflect on the background and development of this health policy.

By Day 3 of Week 7

Post a description of the health policy you selected and a brief background for the problem or issue being addressed. Explain whether you believe there is an evidence base to support the proposed policy and explain why. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 7

Respond to at least two of your colleagues* on two different days by either supporting or respectfully challenging their explanation on whether there is an evidence base to support the proposed health policy they described.

*Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.

Submission and Grading Information

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 7 Discussion Rubric

Post by Day 3 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 7

To participate in this Discussion:

Week 7 Discussion

Discussion 2: The Role of the RN/APRN in Policy-Making

Word cloud generators have become popular tools for meetings and team-building events. Groups or teams are asked to use these applications to input words they feel best describe their team or their role. A “word cloud” is generated by the application that makes prominent the most-used terms, offering an image of the common thinking among participants of that role.

What types of words would you use to build a nursing word cloud? Empathetic, organized, hard-working, or advocate would all certainly apply. Would you add policy-maker to your list? Do you think it would be a very prominent component of the word cloud?

Nursing has become one of the largest professions in the world, and as such, nurses have the potential to influence policy and politics on a global scale. When nurses influence the politics that improve the delivery of healthcare, they are ultimately advocating for their patients. Hence, policy-making has become an increasingly popular term among nurses as they recognize a moral and professional obligation to be engaged in healthcare legislation.

To Prepare:

• Revisit the Congress.gov website provided in the Resources and consider the role of RNs and APRNs in policy-making.
• Reflect on potential opportunities that may exist for RNs and APRNs to participate in the policy-making process.

By Day 3 of Week 8

Post an explanation of at least two opportunities that exist for RNs and APRNs to actively participate in policy-making. Explain some of the challenges that these opportunities may present and describe how you might overcome these challenges. Finally, recommend two strategies you might make to better advocate for or communicate the existence of these opportunities to participate in policy-making. Be specific and provide examples.

By Day 6 of Week 8

Respond to at least two of your colleagues’* posts by suggesting additional opportunities or recommendations for overcoming the challenges described by your colleagues.

*Note: Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.

Name: NURS_6050_Module04_Week08_Assignment_Rubric

Name: NURS_6050_Module04_Week08_Assignment_Rubric