Research Critique Guidelines – Part II

Quantitative Studies

Background

As noted above, nursing shortage is a critical issue that affects the safety and quality of care given to patients (Bittner & Bechtel, 2017). Nursing shortage is an issue that affects most of the healthcare organizations in America in the modern world. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) reports that the shortage of nurses in the US is anticipated to rise in the next decade due to the aging of the Baby Boomers. The aging of the Baby Boomers will also imply the increased need for care demands, hence, overburdening the already burden healthcare system due to nursing shortage (Marć et al., 2019). Shortage of nurses in the US is also attributed to the low capacity of nursing schools that do not produce new nurses to meet the increasing demands (Sokhanvar et al., 2018).

Authors have explored the issue of shortage of nurses in their studies. One of the studies that examined the issue of nursing shortage is the one conducted by (Halter, Boiko, et al., 2017). Halter et al., (2017) identified in their study that nursing turnover is a critical factor contributing to the shortage of nurses being experienced in America today. As a result, the aim of their research was to investigate the determinants as well as consequences of staff turnover among adult nurses. The research question that guided their investigation was; what are the determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover? Halter, Pelone et al., (2017) conducted another study to examine evidence-based interventions that can be used to address the issue of nursing shortage by reducing adult nursing turnover. The authors recognized the fact that nursing shortage is preventable by implementing practical interventions that aim at its contributing factors. Therefore, the research question that guided the authors was; what interventions can be embraced to reduce adult nursing turnover?

How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?

The articles by Halter, Pelone, et al. (2017) and Halter, Boiko, et al. (2017) answers the PICOT question for my project in a number of ways. Firstly, the article by Halter, Boiko, et al., (2017) answers the PICOT question by providing insights into the determinants of factors that contribute to shortage of nurses and its consequences. The information obtained from the article provides information about the severity and magnitude of the problem of nursing shortage, hence, increasing the need for the exploration of interventions to address the problem. The article by Halter, Pelone, et al., (2017) answers the PICOT question by providing evidence-based interventions that can be adopted to address the issue of nursing shortage. The article examines broad interventions that are applicable to health organizations in addressing the issue of nursing shortage. The article by Halter, Pelone, et al., (2017) provided interventions that are similar to those proposed in my PICOT question. The interventions include the adoption of teamwork approaches in nursing, effective leadership styles, preceptor-based programs, needs-based orientation programs, use of residency programs and expanding the training capacity of nursing education institutions. The two articles used previous studies with a mix of comparison groups comprising of nurses, nursing students, and healthcare leaders and managers. As a result, the comparison groups vary from those in my PICOT question.

Method of Study:

The studies by Halter, Pelone, et al., (2017) and Halter, Boiko, et al., (2017) were quantitative systematic reviews. The authors reviewed evidences from previous quantitative studies that examined the factors contributing to nursing shortage, including turnover by adult nurses. The quantitative systematic reviews that the authors performed are associated with a number of benefits as well as limitations. The benefits include the fact that they provide highly reliable and accurate data, addresses specific questions or hypothesis, and guides the identification of best practices in nursing. The method is however associated with limitations such as the lack of use of human subjects, using studies with bias, and presenting findings that may not be generalizable to a larger population.

Results of Study

The study Halter, Boiko, et al., (2017) found that the determinants of turnover in adult nursing that contribute to nursing shortage include nurse stress and job dissatisfaction, managerial style, and factors that relate to the supervision methods that organizations utilize. The study further showed that that the consequences of nursing turnover and shortage include significant economic costs incurred by health organizations and patients alongside the decline in safety and quality of care. The study by Halter, Pelone, et al., (2017) showed that a number of interventions can be embraced in practice to increase retention of adult nurses as a way of addressing the issue of nursing shortage. The authors found that some of the effective interventions that can be embraced include the adoption of effective leadership styles, teamwork approaches, transformational nursing models, preceptor programs, and residency and new gradate internship programs, and establishment of need-based programs for the nurses.

The findings presented in the selected articles have considerable implications to nursing practice. The findings translate into the need for health organizations to identify effective practices that can be adopted to minimize turnover among nurses. The findings also translate into the need for the adoption of effective leadership styles that promote the development of the employees. The findings in the articles also raise the need for the creation of effective organizational cultures. The organizational culture should strengthen teamwork, use of effective leadership styles and the recognition of the diverse needs of the staffs in the organization. Overall, the findings increase the need for the adoption of transformational practices in nursing practice to promote the needs of nurses, hence, reducing nursing turnover and shortage.

Outcomes Comparison

One of the anticipated outcomes of my PICOT question is the identification of factors that contribute to nursing shortage in the US. It is anticipated that through the analysis of the various sources of data and intervention outcomes, nurses will be able to identify and understand the factors that contribute to shortage of nurses in the state. The other anticipated outcome of the PICOT question is the determination of the effectiveness of the intervention in addressing the issue of nursing shortage. The intervention will be examined to determine whether it minimized the factors contributing to nursing shortage or not. The outcomes of the selected articles compare to my anticipated outcomes. Firstly, the outcomes of the selected articles identified individual and organizational determinants of nursing shortage and turnover that may relate to the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT question. Secondly, the outcomes of the chosen articles showed that transformation of organizational processes contribute to improved retention of nurses, hence, reduction of nursing shortage. The anticipated outcome of the project is to increase the retention of nurses in health organizations, hence, the similarity with the outcomes of the selected articles.

Conclusion

Overall, nursing shortage is a critical issue that threatens the safety and quality of nursing care. Nursing shortage is attributed to a number of factors such as high rate of adult nurses’ turnover, limited training capacity of nursing institutions, and elderly nurses that are retiring. Nurse leaders and managers have a role to play in addressing the issue of nursing shortage in the US. Therefore, the consideration of evidence-based interventions is recommended to promote the effective management of the issue in practice.

References

Bittner, N. P., & Bechtel, C. F. (2017). Identifying and Describing Nurse Faculty Workload Issues: A Looming Faculty Shortage. Nursing Education Perspectives, 38(4), 171–176. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000178

Halter, M., Boiko, O., Pelone, F., Beighton, C., Harris, R., Gale, J., Gourlay, S., & Drennan, V. (2017). The determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover: A systematic review of systematic reviews. BMC Health Services Research, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2707-0

Halter, M., Pelone, F., Boiko, O., Beighton, C., Harris, R., Gale, J., Gourlay, S., & Drennan, V. (2017). Interventions to Reduce Adult Nursing Turnover: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. The Open Nursing Journal, 11, 108–123. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874434601711010108

Marć, M., Bartosiewicz, A., Burzyńska, J., Chmiel, Z., & Januszewicz, P. (2019). A nursing shortage – a prospect of global and local policies. International Nursing Review, 66(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12473

Sokhanvar, M., Kakemam, E., Chegini, Z., & Sarbakhsh, P. (2018). Hospital nurses’ job security and turnover intention and factors contributing to their turnover intention: A cross-Sectional study. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7(3), 133. https://doi.org/10.4103/2322-1488.235640

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies. Use the \“Research Critique Guidelines – Part II\” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two quantitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Assessment Description

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two quantitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the study in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two quantitative, peer-reviewed research articles you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

Attachments

NRS-433V-RS3-ResearchCritiqueGuidelin

Details:

Use the practice problem and a quantitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

In a 1000-1,250 word essay, summarize the study, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Refer to the resource “Research Critique Guidelines” for suggested headings and content for your paper.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Resources

Collapse All ResourcesCollapse All

Research Ethics

Read “Research Ethics,” by Adams and Callahan (2014), located on the University of Washington School of Medicine website.

https://depts.washington.edu/bioethx/topics/resrch.html

Appraising Quantitative Research in Health Education: Guidelines for Public Health Educators

Read “Appraising Quantitative Research in Health Education: Guidelines for Public Health Educators,” by Jack et al., from Hea

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3012621/

Plagiarism

Read “Plagiarism,” located on the GCU Library website, for information on how to avoid plagiarism.

http://libguides.gcu.edu/c.php?g=330092&p=2216152

APA Basics

Reference the “APA Basics” information, located on the GCU Library website, to assist with the APA format and documentation of so

http://libguides.gcu.edu/CitingSources/APA#s-lg-box-19138654

Science, Technology, and Innovation: Nursing Responsibilities in Clinical Research

Read “Science, Technology, and Innovation: Nursing Responsibilities in Clinical Research,” by Grady and Edgerly, from Nursing

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2792873/pdf/nihms130830.pdf

Sampling Methods in Clinical Research: An Educational Review

Read “Sampling Methods in Clinical Research: An Educational Review,” by Elfil and Negida, from Emergency (Tehran) (2017)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325924/

What Are the Major Ethical Issues in Conducting Research? Is There a Conflict Between the Research Ethics and the Nature of Nursing?

Read “What Are the Major Ethical Issues in Conducting Research? Is There a Conflict Between the Research Ethics and the Nature of Nur

https://www.hsj.gr/medicine/what-are-the-major-ethical-issues-in-conducting-research-is-there-a-conflict-between-the-research-ethics-and-the-nature-of-nursing.php?aid=3485

Research Critique Guidelines – Part II

Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part II” document to compete the topic assignment.

NRS-433V-RS3-ResearchCritiqueGuidelinesPart II.docx

Nursing Resources : Qualitative vs Quantitative

Read “Nursing Resources : Qualitative vs Quantitative,” located on the University of Wisconsin- Madison Libraries websi

https://researchguides.library.wisc.edu/c.php?g=861013&p=6170079

Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice

Read Chapter 3 in Nursing Research: Understanding Methods for Best Practice.

https://www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/grand-canyon-university/2018/nursing-research_understanding-methods-for-best-practice_1e.php

GCU Library Research Guides: Citing Sources

Reference the “GCU Library Research Guides: Citing Sources” resource for information on how to cite sources properly.

http://libguides.gcu.edu/c.php?g=330092&p=2216210

The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses

Review “The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses,” by the International Council of Nurses (2012), located on the ICN website.

https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/2012_ICN_Codeofethicsfornurses_%20eng.pdf

Searching Nursing Databases

Read the strategies and tips located on “Searching Nursing Databases” on the GCU Library website to assist you in searching the m

https://libguides.gcu.edu/Nur

A sampling theory is a set of data collected from the population of interest or target population. The samples are information that are accessible in units, such as people, events, or other subjects of interest. The purpose of the sampling is to target a larger population on characteristics relevant to the research questions. Example of sampling theory will be a study conducted by researcher collecting information from 600 people in a population of 6,000 people. There are two main type of sampling methods, probability sampling involves random selection, each person in the group or community has an equal chance of being chosen. Then there is non-probability sampling does not involve random selection and so cannot rely on probability theory to ensure that it is representative of the population of interest. (nim.nih.gov)

Generalizability as it applies to nursing research is evidence-based practice. This helps the nurses to make critical decisions when caring for patients. Example: in critical care nursing research involves assessment and intervention related to perioperative heart transplant population. (Kamper, 2020) Implementing treatments such as therapy, medications, will provide a better outcome for the patient and reduce the length of stay in the hospital.

Reference:

Kamper, S. J. (2020). Generalizability: Linking evidence to practice. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 50(1), 45–46. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2020.0701

National Institutes of Health. (n.d.). Sampling. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved August 12, 2022, from https://www.nlm.nih.gov/nichsr/stats_tutorial/section2/mod1_sampling.html

Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations – Rubric

Rubric Criteria

Total 190 points

Criterion

1. 1: Unsatisfactory

2. 2: Less Than Satisfactory

3. 3: Satisfactory

4. 4: Good

5. : Excellent

Documentation of Sources

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

0 points

Sources are not documented.

7.13 points

Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

7.89 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

8.93 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

9.5 points

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Quantitative Studies

0 points

Only one article is presented. Neither of the articles presented use quantitative research.

7.13 points

Two articles are presented. Of the articles presented, only one article is based on quantitative research.

7.89 points

N/A

8.93 points

N/A

9.5 points

Two articles are presented. Both articles are based on quantitative research.

Article Support of Nursing Practice

0 points

Discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is incomplete.

21.38 points

A summary of how articles support the PICOT question is presented. It is unclear how the articles can be used to answer the proposed PICOT question. Significant information and detail is required.

23.65 points

A general discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate general support in answering the proposed PICOT question. It is unclear how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question. Some rational or information is needed.

26.79 points

A discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate support in answering the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question. Minor detail or rational is needed for clarity or support.

28.5 points

A clear discussion on how articles support the PICOT question is presented. The articles demonstrate strong support in answering the proposed PICOT question. The interventions and comparison groups in the articles strongly compare to those identified in the PICOT question.

Method of Study

0 points

Discussion on the method of study for each article is omitted. The comparison of study methods is omitted or incomplete.

21.38 points

A partial summary of the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is incomplete. A benefit and a limitation of each method are omitted or incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies.

23.65 points

A general discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is summarized. A benefit and a limitation of each method are summarized. There some inaccuracies or partial omissions. More information is needed.

26.79 points

A discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is generally described. A benefit and a limitation of each method are presented. There minor are inaccuracies. Some detail is required for accuracy or clarity.

28.5 points

A thorough discussion on the method of study for each article is presented. The comparison of study methods is described in detail. A benefit and a limitation of each method are presented. The discussion demonstrates a solid understanding of research methods.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

0 points

Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used.

7.13 points

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present.

7.89 points

Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used.

8.93 points

Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used.

9.5 points

Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

Background of Study

0 points

Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is incomplete.

14.25 points

Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is included but lacks relevant details and explanation.

15.77 points

Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is partially complete and includes some relevant details and explanation.

17.86 points

Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is complete and includes relevant details and explanation.

19 points

Background of study, including problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research questions, is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.

Results of Study

0 points

Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is incomplete.

21.38 points

A summary of the study results includes findings and implications for nursing practice but lacks relevant details and explanation. There are some omissions or inaccuracies.

23.65 points

Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is generally presented. Overall, the discussion includes some relevant details and explanation.

26.79 points

Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is complete and includes relevant details and explanation.

28.5 points

Discussion of study results, including findings and implications for nursing practice, is thorough with substantial relevant details and extensive explanation.

Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)

0 points

Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.

7.13 points

Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.

7.89 points

Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.

8.93 points

Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.

9.5 points

All format elements are correct.

Argument Logic and Construction

0 points

Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources.

7.13 points

Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility.

7.89 points

Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis.

8.93 points

Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative.

9.5 points

Argument is clear and convincing and presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

Anticipated Outcomes and Outcomes Comparison

0 points

Anticipated outcomes for the PICOT are omitted or are unrealistic. Comparison of research article outcomes to anticipated outcomes is incomplete.

21.38 points

Anticipated outcomes for the PICOT are partially summarized. Comparison of research article outcomes to anticipated outcomes contains omissions of key information. It is unclear how the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT and those of the current research mentioned compare.

23.65 points

Anticipated outcomes for the PICOT are summarized. Comparison of research article outcomes to anticipated outcomes is generally presented. More information is needed to fully establish how the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT and those of the current research mentioned compare.

26.79 points

Anticipated outcomes for the PICOT are discussed. A comparison of research article outcomes to anticipated outcomes of the PICOT is presented. An explanation of how the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT and those of the current research mentioned compare is presented. Some detail is needed for clarity.

28.5 points

Anticipated outcomes for the PICOT are thoroughly discussed. A detailed comparison of research article outcomes to the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT is presented. An explanation of how the anticipated outcomes of the PICOT and those of the current research mentioned compare is presented in detail.

Thesis Development and Purpose

0 points

Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.

7.13 points

Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear.

7.89 points

Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose.

8.93 points

Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.

9.5 points

Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

Rough Draft Quantitative Research Critique And Ethical Considerations

Question

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